* Curriculum materials: Textbooks, workbooks, online courses, software, and other learning resources.
* Supplies: Paper, pencils, art supplies, science kits, etc.
* Extracurricular activities: Sports, clubs, field trips, and other enriching experiences often need to be paid for out-of-pocket.
* Tutoring: If parents feel they need extra support in teaching certain subjects.
* Technology: Computers, internet access, printers, and other technology are frequently essential.
While some families might receive some indirect support, such as discounted memberships to museums or libraries, the vast majority of homeschooling costs are covered directly by the family. There are some very limited exceptions in some places, such as specific scholarship programs or voucher systems, but these are not common or widely available.