Identify an issue which affects specific Homeland Security you are researching. It could be a glaring issue, which impacts many people. Bear in mind that there may be an issue lurking under the surface. It might not be a matter of concern now, but it could have huge ramifications in the future.
Start researching the problem within the program. Discover the potential negative impact this problem could cause. Your research might include field work and interviews as well as time in libraries.
Ask yourself which direction your research is leading you. You may discover that the program in question might be in need of massive improvement, or it might not deserve to exist at all.
Analyze the facts you have gathered, and develop your ideas on paper. Based on your research, draw conclusions about what changes the program must make in order to function better. Consider which solutions would best solve the problems faced by this program.
Select the best solutions and recommend them. The best possible solutions will be relatively easy to implement, cost effective, and will effectively solve the problem.