Those with metacomprehension know whether they understand information that is communicated to them, according to Purdue University. When the thinker realizes that he does not understand something, he can employ strategies to understand the information. Metacomprehension is important in reading, since those with poor metacomprehension skills can read passages and not realize that they do not understand them. If a reader does not understand the passage, he should reread the passage and determine why he is having difficulties.
Metamemory is the learner’s awareness of her own memories and includes her ability to use strategies to remember things, such as repetition. Also, the individual learns to use certain memory tasks when learning specific things. Metacognitive thinkers also know how to use memory skills the most effectively.
Students with metacognitive skills assess whether their learning strategies are effectively helping them overcome challenges when mastering new information. In some instances, readers do not understand the content in what they read, since they lack experience in the topic. Those with metacognitive skills can determine what their deficit in knowledge is and then seek to correct it. For example, a student might not understand the meaning of a certain word and look up the definition.
The learner’s attitude influences whether he can efficiently learn a subject. When the learner feels the subject is worth learning, he will devote more cognitive energy to learning the concept. Teachers often help students develop metacognitive skills by having them write reflections on their learning process. For example, in a writing class, students gradually learn skills that help them more successfully write academic essays. Later on in class, the students can write about the skills they have learned, helping the students become more conscious of the learning process.
Assessing metacognition can be difficult for educators, since metacognition is a complex construct that isn’t easily observable. Also, the student’s ability to learn can be difficult for the student to articulate. Students vary in how good their memory is, which influences how well they can remember ideas and distinct thought processes they have.