The USMLE is a three-step examination that assesses a doctor's knowledge and skills in the basic sciences, clinical sciences, and medical practice. All medical school graduates, including FMGs, must pass the USMLE in order to be eligible for licensure in the United States.
In addition to passing the USMLE, FMGs must also complete a residency program in the United States before being licensed to practice medicine. Residency programs are typically three to seven years in length and provide supervised clinical training in a particular medical specialty. During residency, FMGs gain the necessary skills and knowledge to practice medicine in the United States and become board-certified in their chosen specialty.
There are some exceptions to this general rule. For example, some states may allow FMGs with certain qualifications to practice medicine without completing a residency program. Additionally, some foreign medical schools may have agreements with U.S. medical schools that allow their graduates to complete a residency program in the United States without having to take the USMLE.