* High school coursework: The rigor of your classes (AP, IB, honors) matters significantly.
* SAT/ACT scores: While test-optional for many applicants, strong scores can still boost your application.
* Class rank: Your position within your graduating class.
* Essays and personal statements: These demonstrate your writing skills and personality.
* Extracurricular activities: Your involvement in clubs, sports, volunteer work, etc.
* Letters of recommendation: Evaluations from teachers and counselors.
* Major: Some majors are more competitive than others.
While a high GPA is crucial, the *average* GPA of admitted students is usually quite high (often above a 3.7 or 3.8 unweighted, and significantly higher weighted), but this is an average; some students with lower GPAs are admitted based on other strengths in their application, while some students with higher GPAs are not admitted due to other factors. Therefore, focusing on a strong overall application is more important than fixating on a specific GPA number.
To get a better understanding of the qualifications of recently admitted students, check the University of Maryland's website for their common data set. This report will give you more detailed information on the academic profile of the incoming freshman class.