Brainstorm topic ideas by writing down subject matter that satisfies the assignment guidelines. Narrow down the topics by crossing out the least favorable ones. Choose a topic that is substantial but focused.
Create a thesis statement that specifically states in one or two sentences how the topic will be analyzed and explained in the paper.
Do preliminary research by searching the topic on the Internet. Select the links that seem helpful. Scan the content for keywords and information related to the thesis statement. Bookmark the home pages, or individual web pages, of websites that will likely contribute to the paper.
Continue the preliminary research by scanning through books and periodicals at the library on the topic. Photocopy pages that have information related to the thesis statement. Write bibliographical information on each copy.
Create a concept map on a large piece of paper by writing down what is known about the thesis statement in clusters of notes, circling each cluster, and connecting the clusters with lines and arrows to show the relationship among ideas. Decide what information is needed to complete the concept map.
Read the content on the bookmarked Websites as well as the material from the library. Take notes of the information that supports the thesis statement. Use the concept map as a mental guide for note-taking. Keep track of the information by making notes that include the authors and publications.
Use the notes to fill in gaps on your concept map. Continue researching and adding to the concept map until all ideas -- which later will become your paragraphs -- are well-developed.