When Landa arrived in Yucatán, he launched a campaign against Mayan religious practices, customs, and cultural artifacts. He ordered the collection and burning of thousands of Mayan codices, which were books made of folded bark paper or deer hide. Landa believed that these books were filled with idolatrous and superstitious rituals, prophecies, and historical accounts that could hinder the spread of Christianity.
One of the most notable incidents occurred in the town of Maní in 1562, where Landa presided over a public burning of an estimated 27 Mayan codices. The destruction was carried out in the central square, with flames consuming the precious manuscripts that held immense cultural and historical significance.
Landa's actions were not limited to the destruction of books. He also played a role in suppressing the Mayan language, traditions, and social structures, aiming to completely eradicate indigenous cultural practices in favor of Catholic doctrine. He ordered the burning of temples and statues and prohibited the use of the Mayan script.
The loss of Mayan books and cultural heritage caused irreparable damage to Mayan history and knowledge. The destruction of the codices deprived future generations of access to valuable information about Mayan astronomy, mathematics, religious beliefs, rituals, and historical accounts.
Landa's legacy remains a controversial topic, with many condemning his actions and others seeking to understand the historical context of his time. Nonetheless, his role in the destruction of Mayan books stands as a profound example of the devastating impact of religious and cultural intolerance.