Reference:
* Purpose: A reference is a *general* statement of support indicating that you know the person and can vouch for their character, skills, or qualifications. It's often a simple confirmation of a person's identity or suitability. Think of it as a quick endorsement.
* Format: Can be as simple as a phone call, email, or a short, informal statement. It's often brief and may not go into great detail about the person's specific achievements.
* Detail: Limited; it primarily verifies information or provides a general opinion.
* Examples: Someone providing a reference for a tenant, a character reference for a loan application, or informally confirming someone's work experience.
Letter of Recommendation (LOR):
* Purpose: An LOR is a *detailed* and *formal* written assessment of a person's capabilities, usually for a specific purpose, such as applying for a job, graduate school, or a scholarship. It's a strong endorsement that goes beyond simple verification.
* Format: A formal, well-written document typically including an introduction, body paragraphs outlining specific examples of the person's skills and achievements, and a conclusion recommending the applicant. It often follows a specific format requested by the recipient.
* Detail: Extensive; it provides specific, detailed anecdotes and examples to showcase the individual's strengths, highlighting their accomplishments and suitability for the role/program.
* Examples: A letter from a professor supporting a student's graduate school application, a letter from a supervisor supporting a job applicant, a letter from a volunteer coordinator supporting an applicant for a volunteer position.
In short: A reference is a brief confirmation, while a letter of recommendation is a detailed, formal evaluation. A letter of recommendation is a *type* of reference, but a reference is not necessarily a letter of recommendation.