* Serif: A small line or projection that exists at the end of some strokes in a letterform.
* Stem: The main vertical stroke of a letterform, such as the vertical stroke in the letter “H”.
* Ascender: The part of a lowercase letter that extends above the x-height, such as the ascending part of the letter “h”.
* Descender: The part of a lowercase letter that extends below the baseline, such as the descending part of the letter “p”.
* Counter: The enclosed or negative space within a letterform, such as the space within the letter “O”.
* Baseline: The invisible horizontal line upon which most letters rest.
* X-height: The height of the lowercase letter “x”.
* Cap height: The height of the uppercase letters.
* Meanline: The horizontal line that bisects the x-height and cap height.
* Ascender line: The horizontal line that determines the height of the ascenders.
* Descender line: The horizontal line that determines the depth of the descenders.
* Optical center: The point at which the eye perceives a letterform to be centered.
Understanding the anatomy of typography is essential for effectively designing typefaces and creating visually pleasing compositions.