While Sisyphus's punishment is described in more detail in later works like the Theogony by Hesiod, Homer's account is considered the earliest known mention of the myth.
In the Odyssey, Odysseus encounters Sisyphus in the Underworld, where Sisyphus recounts his own life and the trickery he used to outsmart death. Sisyphus, according to Homer, is condemned to eternally roll a boulder up a hill, only for it to roll back down again, symbolizing the futility of human effort.