* Marxism and the Latin American context: Zemelman was a prominent figure in the development of a Marxist theory that was relevant to the specific historical and social conditions of Latin America. He critiqued traditional Marxist interpretations and argued for a more nuanced understanding of class relations and social movements in the region.
* The philosophy of praxis: He explored the concept of praxis, the transformative activity of human beings in the world, as a central theme in his work. He argued that theory and practice are inseparable and that philosophical reflection should be guided by the concrete struggles of social movements.
* The relationship between philosophy and politics: Zemelman believed that philosophy should be engaged with the political realities of the world and should serve as a tool for social transformation. He actively participated in political activism and saw his work as a contribution to the struggle for social justice.
Some of his key works include:
* "La economía del trabajo: una introducción a la teoría marxista" (1970)
* "Dialéctica y revolución: ensayos sobre el marxismo" (1974)
* "Filosofía y revolución en América Latina" (1976)
* "Teoría de la historia y praxis: la praxis como teoría" (1980)
* "La sociedad invisible: la lógica del capital y la acción colectiva" (1996)
Zemelman's work was influential in shaping Marxist thought in Latin America and continues to be studied and debated by scholars and activists today.