Norm-referenced tests usually appear in multiple-choice format; however, they can also come in open-ended, short answer questions.
NRTs rank the students based on how well they did in comparison to other students. Scores then appear as a percentile rank from 1 percent to 99 percent.
NRTs also have a set time limit. This may make it difficult for someone with poor language or reading skills to finish.
Some examples of Norm-Referenced Tests include the CAT (California Achievement Test), ITBS (Iowa Test of Basic Skills), and Standford Achievement test.