Multiple choice questions are anchored by the stem. The stem is introduced at the beginning of the question and presents a problem to be answered. The stem can also be an incomplete statement that requires completion by the respondent. Before attempting to answer the question or complete the phrase or sentence, the respondent must thoroughly read the question. It may even be helpful to read the question more than once.
The listing of possible answers for the respondent to choose from is called the key. There are typically three or four answers to choose from on the key. It is commonly thought that respondents should select “C” when unsure of the answer. This may not necessarily be the best strategy, especially when the test has been computer generated. The best way to be able select the best answer from the key is to know the topic well enough to avoid choosing an incorrect answer. It is important to keep in mind that no amount of test taking strategy can mask poor study habits.
The incorrect answers that are worded similarly to the correct answer are call distracters. The placement of distracters is used to test the respondent’s true knowledge of the topic. Multiple choice exams are often preferred because options are provided rather than the test taker having to answer entirely on his own.
To improve test scores, multiple choice test takers should read each question carefully. One of the most common mistakes test takers make is failing to thoroughly read through each question. Respondents tend to stop reading all the options when they believe the correct answer has been found. The rest of the possible answers should be analyzed because the first recognized answer could be the distracter.