1. Scene Safety and Assessment:
* Recognizing and ensuring a safe environment before approaching a victim.
* Checking for responsiveness and breathing.
* Activating the Emergency Response System (calling 911 or your local emergency number).
2. Chest Compressions:
* Proper hand placement and depth of chest compressions for adults, children, and infants.
* Rate and rhythm of chest compressions.
* Recognizing and addressing potential compression complications.
3. Airway Management:
* Opening the airway using the head-tilt-chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver.
* Recognizing and managing airway obstructions (for example, using back blows and abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) for choking).
* Providing rescue breaths (mouth-to-mouth or with a barrier device).
4. Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Use:
* Recognizing the need for defibrillation.
* Operating an AED safely and effectively, including understanding voice prompts.
5. Other Potential Topics (depending on the course):
* Recognizing signs and symptoms of a heart attack and stroke.
* Basic first aid for minor injuries (bleeding, burns).
* Recovery position.
* Documentation and reporting.
* Team dynamics and effective communication during an emergency.
* Pediatric considerations (differences in techniques for children and infants).
BLS training is typically hands-on, involving practice with mannequins and scenarios to reinforce learning and build confidence. It is crucial to remember that BLS certification requires regular renewal and recertification to ensure skills remain up-to-date.