* Economic growth: The British introduced new crops and technologies that led to increased agricultural production. They also built roads and railways, which improved trade and transportation.
* Political stability: The British established a centralised government that maintained law and order. They also introduced the rule of law, which protected the rights of individuals.
* Educational advancements: The British established schools and colleges that spread English-language education and Western knowledge.
* Healthcare improvements: The British introduced modern medicine and sanitation, which reduced the incidence of disease.
* Technological innovations: The British introduced new technologies such as the telegraph, telephone, and railway, which improved communication and transportation.
Negative effects
* Colonial exploitation: The British exploited the natural resources of their colonies and used them to enrich themselves. They also forced local people to work on plantations and in mines under harsh conditions.
* Cultural suppression: The British suppressed local cultures and languages. They promoted English language and culture and discouraged the use of local languages and customs.
* Racial discrimination: The British practiced racial discrimination and treated local people as inferior. They denied them basic rights and privileges and kept them in a subordinate position.
* Social injustice: The British created a rigid class system that favoured whites and discriminated against locals. They also denied locals access to education, healthcare, and other opportunities.
* Political oppression: The British ruled their colonies with an iron fist and suppressed any resistance or dissent. They often used violence and force to maintain control.