Offer your preschooler numerous types of tactile toys, such as colored blocks, dolls and vehicles. While she is playing, point out the colors. For example, ask her where the red firetruck is. Point to the red firetruck and then point to another red object, such as a red shirt on a doll. Over time, children learn their colors from adults describing the colors of specific objects.
Introduce toys with shapes on them, such as a shape puzzle toy. While the child tries to place the shapes in the correct positions, explain the names of the shapes, such as triangle and square. You can use the shapes to describe other objects and trace them on a piece of paper with crayon.
Sing action songs or songs that use finger play to teach the child about numbers. Songs such as "The Ants Go Marching" and "Five Monkeys Jumping on the Bed" teach vocabulary and counting.
Read books to your preschooler. Reading every day for about 15 minutes a day stimulates brain growth and helps a child learn letter recognition. Point out the letters and explain to your preschooler what they are. You can also point out different colors, shapes and images.
Sing the "ABC" song to teach the alphabet to your preschooler. The tune helps children remember the alphabet and recognize the letters.