Here's why:
* Program Policies: Each graduate program (e.g., Master's in Biology, PhD in History) sets its own minimum GPA or grade requirements. Some might have a minimum GPA of 3.0, others 3.5, and some might specify minimum grades in individual courses.
* University Policies: The university itself may have overall GPA requirements for graduate students, which could be stricter or more lenient than individual program rules.
* Departmental Policies: Even within a university, individual departments might have more stringent standards than the university's overall policy.
* Advisor's Discretion: While policies dictate minimums, your advisor often plays a crucial role in evaluating your progress. A single low grade might not automatically lead to probation, but combined with other factors (poor research progress, missed deadlines, etc.), it could influence their assessment of your performance.
* Probation and Dismissal: Many programs have a system of probation. Failing to meet specific grade requirements might put you on probation, giving you a chance to improve. Continued poor performance would likely lead to dismissal from the program.
To find the answer for a specific program, you must consult:
* The graduate program's handbook or website: Look for sections on academic policies, grading standards, and probation/dismissal procedures.
* The university's graduate school regulations: These often outline overall GPA requirements and academic standards.
* Your advisor: They can provide personalized guidance based on your circumstances and the program's expectations.
In short, there's no single "lowest grade" – it's a matter of program-specific policies and individual performance. Always refer to the official documents and your advisor for accurate information.