Use spelling patterns. Instruct the child to divide a word into a beginning, middle (if applicable) and end. Using this exercise, you will explain and incorporate the use of syllables into the child's lesson. For example, "poorly" is divided as a root word and a suffix. The root word "poor" is a noun that indicates low quality or lack. When the suffix "ly" is added to the noun, it transforms the word into an adverb that describes a process or condition. Instruct the child to identify the beginning and end of the word and identify any patterns. In this case, he may notice that words that have an end pattern, or the letters "ly," are called adverbs.
Use word association. Explain that each word has an associated meaning and theme. Instruct the child to make common associations. For example, he may associate a "tree" with a "forrest," or a "pillow" with a "bed." Using word association will allow him to fluidly connect images and meaning to one basic concept. An understanding of that concept will strengthen comprehension of difficult text and lengthy reading materials.
Use word charge. Explain that every word has a charge that can indicate a positive or negative tone, as well as words that are generally neutral in tone. List several words with a positive charge ("happy," "light," "love" or "play") as well as several words with a negative charge ("nefarious," "rancorous" or "hostile"). Encourage the child to say the word aloud to determine its charge. Use a neutral word like "chair" to illustrate words that have no emotional overtones.