Choose a debate topic that divides students somewhat evenly in opinion. If you choose a topic that the majority of students agree on, they will not be motivated to prove their case. Also, choose a topic that is meaningful and relevant to students, so that they are interested and engaged to research the topic and present ideas.
Allow students adequate time to research the topic so that there is substantive content presented in the debate. Instruct students to compile facts and statistics in support of their position, but also to anticipate adversaries' arguments. Encourage students to plan defensive responses to arguments against their position, as a good debate is ongoing. In a lively, spirited debate, students parry arguments, rather than getting backed into a corner.
Choose a reliable moderator. A good debate depends upon a fair, equitable moderator who respects the rules of the debate, allowing each party so much time to speak and intervening when necessary to maintain control of the debate.
Explain the rules of the debate. Emphasize that a debate is a cordial, however competitive, discussion of the issues. Advise students that personal attacks, shouting or interrupting will disqualify them.
Encourage other students to attend the debate to generate excitement. These students will have the opportunity to practice active and critical listening skills.