Research the specific disability that your student(s) have. Talk to the special education teachers at your school. They will be able to give you more information. Visit websites like HelpGuide.org that list the most common learning disabilities and medical conditions along with their characteristics and links to additional resources.
Make appropriate accommodations. These are changes you make in the way special needs children complete an assignment. Examples include allowing the child to sit in the front of the room or giving a test orally instead of requiring written answers. Accommodations do not allow special needs students to "get out of doing work." Instead, they help children learn in a way that suits them best.
Modify assignments when appropriate. For example, some special needs students have difficulty with their expressive and written vocabulary. You might allow them to make a storyboard with drawings instead of writing a standard book report. Modifications do not change the curriculum. They give alternative ways to measure progress.
Maintain a routine. Most students with or without special needs perform better academically in a calm classroom with predictable daily procedures. Establish your methods for turning in assignments and transitioning to other activities at the beginning of the year and review them frequently. Children with emotional or behavioral problems will especially benefit from an atmosphere conducive to learning.