Developing memory is an important aspect of cognitive ability. Memory skills help with reading, with following instructions and with applying learnt information to new topics. Playing games with students will help them to develop memory. Try placing a variety of objects in a box, cover the box and have students write down the objects they can remember. Alternatively, remove an item from the box and see if students can tell you which item is gone. Play the "suitcase" game. Start by saying "I went on holiday and in my suitcase I packed a" and add an item. The next person repeats what you have said and adds another item. Continue until everyone in the class has had a turn; the more items that are added the harder the game becomes. Remember to keep the games fun and enjoyable.
Puzzles and problem-solving activities help students to develop logical thinking and strategic skills. Students can apply the knowledge they have to new situations. Provide games such as shape sorters and jigsaw puzzles for younger students. Use word problems in math class and try crosswords and word games in language arts lessons. Help younger students by discussing ideas for problem solving, but also allow students to discuss ideas with each other and develop their own strategies. Have students work in pairs or small groups to solve problems together, learning from each other.
Role play develops understanding and enables students to apply their knowledge to situations and characters. Try dividing a novel into scenes and assign each scene to a group of students. Have them role play the scene, developing their understanding of the story and the motivations of the characters. Try "hot seating," with one student taking on the role of a character or a figure from history with other students asking questions to develop their understanding. Provide younger students with toys and equipment to develop their imagination; try play cookers, shops and dolls and provide a large dressing-up area.
Reading is a vital skill that builds students' knowledge, language and understanding. Ensure that you set aside time every day for shared, independent, guided or group reading. Provide a variety of texts including fiction, nonfiction, poetry and plays. Allow students to select their own books and encourage them to try different texts. Make full use of the school library; give students time to browse the different texts on offer.
Discussing issues and debating opinion and views in groups or as a whole class will help to develop analytical and evaluative skills. Give students a subject to discuss and have them work in groups to decide on main points. Have them report back to the rest of the class. Introduce a contentious or topical subject, suitable for the age and ability of your students, and assign for and against viewpoints to students. Have them discuss and debate the issue and feedback their ideas and responses.