The Miranda Rights, which many lay people know by heart thanks to countless reruns of "Law and Order," were written in June, 1966, in a ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court in the case of "Miranda v. Arizona," dealing with the admissibility of statements made during "custodial interrogations," overruling a decision made by the Maricopa County Superior Court. The protections of both the Fifth and Sixth Amendments were in question in the case. The Fifth Amendment protects against self-incrimination, while the Sixth Amendment gives you the right to counsel. The Miranda case resulted in the invention of a way to determine that arrested people throughout the U.S. know of their "right to remain silent" and "have an attorney present" during questioning.
The science of dendrochronology, or judging the age of a tree based on the number of rings in its trunk, was invented in Arizona. In the1890s, astronomer A.E. Douglass started studying tree rings in Flagstaff. He instituted the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research at the University of Arizona in 1937. His technology is now also used to study climate change.
Chris Niswander of Tuscon, Arizona, developed software called PawSense that claims to be able to detect whether the typist at your computer is you or your cat. The intent is to quickly identify a cat typist and protect the computer before damage can be done by feline paws padding across the keyboard. Niswander's software detects if a cat is typing by analyzing the combinations of key presses and the timings of those key presses in the combinations.
In this case, it isn't the invention that's unusual: It's the inventor. Mark Banister of Tuscon is a high-school graduate who studied science textbooks to learn enough to eventually invent a small pump that delivers measured doses of drugs that may someday replace hospital IV infusers and the current systems for self-administered injections. Banister developed a polymer that expands and contracts with electrical stimulation. His previous work was selling motorcycle parts and landscaping.