Check out state learning standards to know what is expected. Some states, such as Pennsylvania, include resources and suggestions for their use. These include lists of stories and poems and strategies that include exploring prior knowledge, summarizing, using the text to support statements and creating illustrations of the stories or poems. Standards can be obtained online from public school systems as well as from state education departments.
Fun websites, such as Education, provide educational activities, worksheets and games for all grade levels. You may have to sign up to access all of their resources. IXL offers math resources for all grade levels. Children can practice thinking skills using math games. Sites listed in Resources contain free and subscription material for teachers and parents. They contain everything from printable worksheets on a wide range of subjects to interactive computer games with familiar characters.
Teacher supply websites are a great place to find games, software and activity sheets categorized according to subject. Many of them offer free activity sheets in different subject areas and age levels. Speech therapy supply websites emphasize language and thinking skills. Three of these companies are Lakeshore Learning, LinguiSystems and Super Duper.
Finally, games you can pick up at many stores, such as Twenty Questions or the board games Clue and Cranium, are great for teaching deductive reasoning and drawing conclusions based on evidence presented. Look for games that present mysteries or riddles. Charades is an old game that has players trying to figure out clues.