One way to teach children about objects in outer space is to introduce them to the solar system and the planets in it. Children sometimes enjoy making models of the solar system using foam balls of different sizes. They can paint each ball to look like a planet and the sun then use wire to attach each planet in the correct order.
Children can learn about the moon and then complete a craft using black and white construction paper to show its phases. Cut out each moon phase from white paper, glue each to a piece of black paper and use brass fasteners to put them together in the right order for a book of moon phases, being sure to include a plain black piece of paper to show a new moon.
Teach children about the stars, the different types of stars and the life cycle of a star. Have each child choose the type of star they want to study, then have him draw a picture of the life cycle of it. Have him label each part of the life cycle and include any relevant data that will show his knowledge about the star.
Teach children about common constellations before trying this project. Have each child cut the bottom off a foam cup. Use a rubber band to place a piece of black paper over the wide mouth of the cup. Use a pencil to poke holes in the paper in the shape of a constellation. Turn off the lights, and shine a small flashlight into the bottom of the cup so the constellation shines onto the ceiling of the classroom.