Math Bingo is a fun way to teach basic mathematics to elementary-aged school children. You'll need a stack of bingo cards and scrap paper. Cut the scrap paper into small strips approximately 1 inch by 1/3 inch, then write various math problems that are appropriate to the level you're teaching. Drop them all in a box and pull them out randomly, calling out the problems. If the answer is on their card, they get to mark it. The first one who gets a bingo wins!
Running the Numbers challenges students to think on their feet. Split the children into equal groups of five (or as equal as possible) and give each a stack of paper and five markers. Write a math problem on the board to which the solution is a four-digit number. Each team member takes turns solving the problems, and the other members will write each number of the solution on a piece of paper and line up in order to make the correct answer. The quickest team wins.
Write 15 math problems on a sheet of paper, aligning each problem to the left of the page. Now, using a piece of graph paper, create a 15-by-15 box grid. Write the solutions to the problems randomly within the grid, using random numbers to fill out the boxes. Cut the grid out of the graph paper, glue or tape it to the sheet with the problems, and you've got a number jumble puzzle. Let students race to be the first to circle all the solutions.
Tell your students you're going to flip a quarter into the air 100 times, and have them write down how many times they think heads and tails will show up. As you're flipping, write down the results and compare them to the students' guesses. Whoever came closest to the correct answer gets to keep the quarter. This is a fun exercise to teach probability and odds.