Here are some key aspects of the Bauhaus school:
* Unification of Art and Craft: The Bauhaus rejected the separation of "high art" from functional objects. They believed artists should be involved in creating everyday items, imbuing them with aesthetic value. This led to innovations in furniture design, typography, and industrial design.
* "Form follows function": This mantra, often attributed to Louis Sullivan (though adopted and emphasized by the Bauhaus), became a central tenet. Design should be dictated by its purpose and practicality, with aesthetics arising naturally from functionality.
* Emphasis on workshops and experimentation: The school had numerous workshops focused on different crafts, including carpentry, metalwork, weaving, pottery, and painting. Students were encouraged to experiment and explore various materials and techniques.
* Master-apprentice model: The school operated on a master-apprentice system, where experienced masters guided students through hands-on learning. This fostered close collaboration and mentorship.
* Influence of different artistic movements: The Bauhaus integrated influences from various movements, including expressionism, constructivism, and De Stijl, resulting in a unique and evolving style.
* Notable figures: The Bauhaus had many influential figures, including its founders Walter Gropius, Hannes Meyer, and Mies van der Rohe, as well as teachers like Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, László Moholy-Nagy, and Josef Albers.
* Closure and legacy: The school was forced to close in 1933 by the Nazi regime, which considered its modern and often left-leaning ideals to be degenerate art. However, its influence spread globally as many Bauhaus teachers and students emigrated, establishing design schools and spreading its principles throughout the world. The Bauhaus's legacy continues to be felt in modern architecture, design, and art today.