New household appliances: As new household appliances such as the washing machine, vacuum cleaner, and electric stove were introduced, women were freed from some of the more time-consuming tasks of housework. This gave them more time to participate in other activities, including political activism.
Increased educational opportunities: In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, more and more women were attending college and university. This gave them the opportunity to learn about their rights and to develop leadership skills. Many of the leaders of the women's suffrage movement were college-educated women.
The rise of the Progressive Movement: The Progressive Movement was a political reform movement that sought to address social and economic problems in the United States. Many progressives supported women's suffrage as a way to improve society.
The First World War: The First World War played a significant role in the passage of the 19th Amendment. During the war, women took on many jobs that had traditionally been held by men. This demonstrated that women were capable of working outside the home and contributing to the war effort. It also helped to break down traditional gender stereotypes.