Realize that preschoolers need to ask probing questions. Young children learn by compiling information from a variety of sources, including personal experience. Although it might be embarrassing for your preschooler to point out the differences among people, doing so can demonstrate her knowledge of usual body characteristics and function. Refrain from freaking out when preschoolers ask questions, even if they do so in public settings.
Use age-appropriate language and details to explain handicaps. Preschoolers are more receptive to simple, bite-size pieces of information. Long conversations can lead to frustration and lack of attention. For example, it's not necessary to use medical terminology to explain conditions such as missing limbs. Avoid traumatizing preschoolers with gruesome details associated with some handicaps. Opting for "abridged" versions of precipitating events eases fears and promotes active understanding.
Make a pre-emptive strike against negative attitudes and behaviors. Teaching preschoolers that all people have different abilities and limitations allows them to be more accepting of others. Express that some handicaps are easily recognized, but others are more difficult to identify. Explain that staring and making rude comments can lead to hurt feelings. Ask preschoolers how they would feel if someone didn't consider their feelings.
Seek assistance from willing handicapped people. Giving preschoolers the chance to ask candid questions from sources with first-hand knowledge can help them overcome anxiety regarding handicaps. It can also alleviate myths about different disabilities and help preschoolers appreciate their own abilities. Possible participants in these dialogues include family members and disability activists. Consider including a mix of people with both physical and mental handicaps for a well-balanced approach.
Use media and print sources to shed light on handicaps. Focusing attention on young characters with disabilities gives preschoolers access to positive images. It also helps illustrate appropriate behavior when faced with initial encounters and advice on maintaining friendships. For example, Monty from the preschool show, "Little Bill," has a handicap but is an accepted member of his class. Reading books such as "Alex Is My Friend" by Marisabina Russo helps preschoolers develop constructive attitudes toward people with handicaps.