* Arabic script: Arabic script is used to write the Quran and the various hadith collections, as well as in a wide variety of other literary and non-literary works across the Muslim world. It is also used to write the languages of several other Muslim communities such as the languages of Iran, Iraq, Algeria, Afghanistan and Pakistan. The letters of the Arabic script are connected cursive with a right-to-left (RTL) writing direction, and have multiple forms depending on their place in a word. With an alphabet consisting of 28 base letters, Arabic script has a rich system of diacritics and ligatures that are employed in certain positions to indicate short vowels, long vowels, and other aspects of pronunciation, including emphatic letters.
* Urdu script: Urdu is written using the Nastaliq script, a Persian script that was developed in the 16th century and is still used today. The Nastaliq script is written in a right-to-left direction, and the letters are connected with each other. The Urdu alphabet consists of 39 letters, 37 of which are used for writing words of Arabic and Persian origin, while the remaining 2 are used for writing loanwords from Hindi or Sanskrit.
* Persian script: The Persian script is called "Naskh". The Naskh script developed from an earlier script called "Kufic" in the 10th century. The Naskh script is written in a right-to-left direction, and the letters are connected with each other. The Persian alphabet consists of 32 letters, which are used for writing Persian, Urdu, and Arabic.