Write the first author's last name, a comma, the first initial (or the first and second initial), a period, then a comma.
Example: Ferguson, E.,
Add an ampersand (&), the second author's last name, a comma, then the first initial (or the first and second initial), a period, then a comma.
Example of steps 1 and 2 together: Ferguson, E., & Barbaresi, S. M.,
Add the year of publication enclosed in parentheses, followed by a period. Example: (1982).
Example of steps 1, 2 and 3 together: Ferguson, E., & Barbaresi, S. M., (1982).
Add the title, capitalizing only the first letter of the first word and any proper nouns, followed by a period. The title is italicized.
Example of all four steps together: Ferguson, E., & Barbaresi, S. M., (1982). How to raise and train a chihuahua.
Add the city of publication followed by a colon. Example: Neptune City:
Example of all five steps together: Ferguson, E., & Barbaresi, S. M., (1982). How to raise and train a chihuahua. Neptune City:
Add the name of the publisher followed by a period. Example: TFH Publications, Inc. Ltd.
Example of all six steps together: Ferguson, E., & Barbaresi, S. M., (1982). How to raise and train a chihuahua. Neptune City: TFH Publications, Inc. Ltd.
Indent the second line of the citation one-half inch, or five spaces. This is often called a hanging indent.
Write the first author's last name, a comma, the first name or initial (or the first and second initial), a period, then a comma.
Example: Ferguson, E.,
Add the word "and," then the second author's name in standard format (first name then last), followed by a period. Example: and Sara M. Barbaresi.
Example of steps 1 and 2 together: Ferguson, E., and Sara M. Barbaresi.
Add the title, followed by a period. Use the standard title capitalization guidelines (capitalizing all major words). The title is italicized. Example: How to Raise and Train a Chihuahua.
Example of steps 1, 2 and 3 together: Ferguson, E., and Sara M. Barbaresi. How to Raise and Train a Chihuahua.
Add the city of publication followed by a colon. Example: Neptune City:
Example of all four steps together: Ferguson, E., and Sara M. Barbaresi. How to Raise and Train a Chihuahua. Neptune City:
Add the name of the publisher followed by a comma. Use the short form of the publisher's name, except for university presses. Example: TFH,
Example of all five steps together: Ferguson, E., and Sara M. Barbaresi. How to Raise and Train a Chihuahua. Neptune City: TFH,
Add the most recent year of publication followed by a period. Example: 1982.
Example of all six steps together: Ferguson, E., and Sara M. Barbaresi. How to Raise and Train a Chihuahua. Neptune City: TFH, 1982.
Add the medium (e.g. print, web, DVD, CD, performance or film), followed by a period.
Example: Print.
Example of all seven steps together: Ferguson, E., and Sara M. Barbaresi. How to Raise and Train a Chihuahua. Neptune City: TFH, 1982. Print.
Indent the second line of the citation one-half inch, or five spaces. This is often called a hanging indent.