How to Write AP Style for Grad School

AP Style -- short for Associated Press -- is used by journalists and public relations professionals for capitalization, abbreviation, spelling and numeral usage. Unlike other styles of writing, AP Style doesn't have a reference list or in-text citation. Writing in AP Style demands clear and concise writing as well as a number of other attributes for graduate students to learn.

Instructions

    • 1

      Attribute information to the source either at the beginning or end of a sentence. For example, "The tornado was like nothing the town ever saw," Samuel said.

    • 2

      Cite direct quotes one sentence or less by putting attribution at the end of a quote. For example, "Only one of you will get the editor position," Daniel said. If the quote is longer than one sentence, attribution goes after the first sentence but before the rest of the quote, such as: "Seems one of us will be out of a job," he said. "And it's not me."

    • 3

      Exercise restraint when using commas before the conjunction in a simple series, for example, "... bed, desk, posters and other items." The series comma is only acceptable when it is absolutely essential for clarity of the sentence.

    • 4

      Capitalize common nouns as part of a full name, for instance "Democratic Party." Capitalize one-word proper nouns if the meaning depends on the word, such as "Christian" or "English." Trademarks also should be capitalized; however, avoid trademarks in favor of generic terms unless the trademark is important to the story. For instance, instead of "iPhone" use "smartphone."

    • 5

      Capitalize composition titles by principal words, including prepositions and conjunctions of four of more letters, for instance: "Gone With the Wind." Capitalize articles when they begin or end a title. Use quotation marks and not italics or underlines.

    • 6

      Abbreviate each title as so before a full name: Dr., Gov., Lt. Gov., Rep., the Rev. and Sen.

    • 7

      Abbreviate months before a specific date, except for March, April, May, June and July.

    • 8

      Hyphenate words with a prefix ending in a vowel if the following word begins with the same vowel, such as anti-inflammation. Use a hyphen if the following word is capitalized, such as "ex-Beatle Paul McCartney."

    • 9

      Use hyphens to link compound modifiers preceding nouns, such as "full-time job."

    • 10

      Spell out one through nine but use figures for 10 and up. Numerals beginning a sentence, however, should be spelled out.

    • 11

      Add an apostrophe "s" for singular common nouns ending in s unless the next word begins with s. For example, "The waitress's table" and the "the waitress' sugar." Only use an apostrophe for singular proper names, such as "Jesus' disciples."

    • 12

      Put periods and commas within quotation marks when they are next to each other, for instance, "right."

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