Research the assigned thesis topic to understand the scope of the subject. For example, if prayer in public schools is the assigned topic, then the essay may describe the positive and negative aspects, and how the current laws affect prayer in public schools.
Decide on a position to take in the thesis statement. For example, the statement may argue prayer should be allowed in public schools or not. A third option is to present the facts about the laws affecting prayer in public schools.
Write the thesis statement. For example, "Prayer should not be permitted in public schools because...".
Organize and write the main arguments or key pieces of information that support the thesis statement.
Write the thesis statement utilizing the position and the proof. The thesis statement might be, "Prayer should not be permitted in public schools because not all students are of the same faith. Allowing prayer could cause alienation, confusion and a lack of understanding in the secular structure of the United States government."