* Eliminating Subvocalization: The technique encourages readers to minimize or eliminate the silent pronunciation of words as they read, believing this internal speech slows down reading speed. This is a common element in many speed reading programs.
* Increased Visual Span: The Fuller technique aims to expand the number of words the reader can take in with each fixation (eye pause) on the page. This involves training the eyes to move across the page in larger jumps, reducing the number of fixations needed to read a line or paragraph.
* Improved Comprehension Through Active Engagement: While focusing on speed, the Fuller technique doesn't neglect comprehension. It emphasizes the importance of actively engaging with the material through techniques like asking questions, summarizing, and making connections to prior knowledge. This active recall helps to solidify understanding.
* Systematic Practice and Exercises: The method generally includes specific exercises and drills designed to improve visual span, reduce subvocalization, and develop efficient reading habits. These exercises often involve using a guide, pointer, or pacer to direct eye movement across the page.
Criticisms and Considerations:
While proponents claim significant improvements in reading speed and comprehension, the Fuller technique, like many speed reading methods, has faced criticism. Some argue that:
* Sacrificing Comprehension for Speed: The emphasis on speed might lead to a decrease in comprehension, especially with complex or unfamiliar material. Truly understanding text often requires careful consideration and rereading, which might be counter to the technique's goals.
* Lack of Rigorous Research: Compared to other, more established reading instruction methods, there's limited robust scientific research supporting the claims of the Fuller technique's effectiveness.
* Individual Differences: Reading speed and comprehension are influenced by many factors, including individual differences in cognitive abilities and reading skills. What works for one person might not work for another.
In summary, the Fuller technique is a speed reading system that tries to improve reading speed and comprehension through specific exercises focused on eye movement, reduced subvocalization, and active engagement. However, its effectiveness compared to other methods needs more research, and its potential to compromise comprehension for speed warrants caution. It's not a widely endorsed method in educational settings, although some individual readers might find aspects of it helpful.