1. Expository: This type of writing aims to inform, explain, or describe something. Textbooks, news articles, and essays are examples. The focus is on clarity and factual accuracy.
2. Descriptive: This writing style focuses on creating a vivid picture in the reader's mind using sensory details and imagery. It emphasizes the "show, don't tell" principle. Creative writing, travel writing, and some aspects of journalism utilize this.
3. Narrative: This type of writing tells a story. It involves characters, a plot, setting, and often a theme. Novels, short stories, and biographies are examples.
4. Persuasive: This writing aims to convince the reader to adopt a particular viewpoint or take a specific action. Advertisements, opinion pieces, and some types of speeches fall under this category.
Other categorizations might include technical writing, creative nonfiction, or poetic writing, but these four cover a significant range of common writing styles and purposes.