* Personal Experience: Gaines grew up in a segregated Louisiana, experiencing firsthand the racism and prejudice that permeated the lives of Black people. This lived experience informed his understanding of the injustices faced by Jefferson, the main character, and the wider Black community.
* Remembering the Past: The novel is set in 1948, a pivotal year in American history marked by the rise of the civil rights movement. Gaines sought to capture the social and political realities of the time, highlighting the brutal realities of Jim Crow segregation and the inherent injustice of the legal system.
* Challenging Stereotypes: Gaines aimed to challenge the stereotypical portrayals of Black characters in literature and cinema. By portraying Jefferson as a complex individual grappling with self-worth and dignity, Gaines aimed to humanize him and challenge the dehumanizing effects of racism.
* Empowering Black Voices: Gaines believed in the importance of amplifying Black voices and experiences. *A Lesson Before Dying* provides a powerful platform for Black characters to express their thoughts, feelings, and struggles, offering a nuanced and authentic portrayal of their lives.
* The Power of Education: Gaines emphasizes the transformative power of education, not just in terms of knowledge but also in fostering personal growth and self-awareness. The novel explores how Grant, the young teacher, inspires Jefferson to see himself as a man worthy of dignity, defying the labels imposed by society.
* Finding Meaning in Suffering: Gaines examines the profound question of finding meaning in the face of suffering. Jefferson's journey towards self-acceptance and dignity despite his unjust circumstances offers a powerful message of resilience and hope.
In essence, *A Lesson Before Dying* is a testament to Ernest Gaines's commitment to social justice, his desire to challenge racial injustice, and his unwavering belief in the inherent worth and dignity of every individual, regardless of their circumstances.