1. Purpose: What is the writer trying to achieve with their writing? Is it to inform, entertain, persuade, inspire, or something else? Understanding the purpose helps the writer choose the appropriate tone, style, and content for their audience. For example, a persuasive essay requires strong arguments and evidence, while a poem might focus on imagery and emotional impact.
2. Audience: Who is the writer writing for? What are their interests, background knowledge, and expectations? Considering the audience helps the writer tailor their language, complexity, and style to ensure their message is clear and engaging. A children's book will use simpler language and shorter sentences than an academic paper.
These two factors, purpose and audience, are intertwined. Understanding what the writer wants to accomplish and who they are writing for will help them make crucial decisions about structure, vocabulary, and overall approach.