Beta testing before final release is essential to catch bugs in the software. Beta files are downloaded for either open or closed testing, according to ISV Kaizen, a company that helps software vendors develop their products. Although alpha testing is also used for this purpose, beta testing allows the files to be used externally on many more types of hardware with many more applications. In closed beta testing, the company limits the number of users. In open testing, any interested user can participate in the testing.
Closed beta testing, which immediately follows alpha testing, is typically "closed" to the public, according to the website MMOHuts (Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games). A company will solicit beta testers in many ways. It might invite a selected list of testers to apply, advertise, offer incentives for feedback such as a discount on the registered version of the software or even a free version. In some cases, the company pays testers for finding bugs. When these bugs have been worked out, the software is released to the public for open testing and general comments.
Although the beta process can differ depending on the company, the software is usually protected by copyright laws and cannot be altered by unauthorized parties. Outside users might have to accept legal disclaimers in the event of problems, computer crashes and on rare occasions damage to a computer. These risks are borne by the users, not the company. Therefore, outside testers should back up their computers if restoration of their previous files becomes necessary. It's best not to beta test on computers with critical data, according to Centercode, a company that manages beta testing for businesses.
The alpha phase is typically used for unit, component and system testing, while beta testing is considered a rehearsal or "real-world" test, according to the website Tech Target. The company needs outside feedback from external testers for final troubleshooting of its software. In addition, beta files also help create excitement about new software before final release. Testers should note that beta software programs, while free, usually expire within a certain period of time.