Get the data you need to perform your analysis. Obtain accurate data from reliable sources common within your industry or business. Utilize in-house surveys, records and receipts to compile your data.
Examine closely the data headings or categories within the data, such as name, date and address. Use existing broad categories, or create new ones to break down groups into subcategories. For instance, break down address into its constituent parts, such as city, state and zip code, to analyze data on a more granular scale.
Complete all calculations that are necessary to show results. Tabulate the number of instances or occurrences of data, and sum it up to display it in readable format. For example, sum the number of clients in your data who live in a particular city.
Utilize spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel, that allows you not only to input data, but also to output pie charts and bar graphs in a number of formats. Perform complex calculations on raw data, such as financial data. Insert appropriate formulas to get the correct results.
Check your data integrity using quality-control measures. Repeat the calculations on a calculator to verify correct answers. Make adjustments to formulas as needed.
Label the chart with a useful title that will readily convey its purpose. Use descriptive adjectives that will help identify and differentiate it from similar charts used in your work. For example, use a label such as "June 2011 Budget Projections," instead of just "Budget Projections."
Create vertical and horizontal labels for bar graphs and pie charts and for maps that include coordinates. Indicate clearly the units of measure, such as time, length, dates and monetary denominations to indicate the scale of your data.
Include a legend with a descriptive key on the face of the chart. Give descriptive meanings to colors and shapes within the chart. Choose a box- or rectangle-shaped legend, and distinguish it with a dark border.