What is an IP in special education?

In special education, IP stands for Individualized Program. Sometimes it's also referred to as an Individualized Plan. However, it's important to note that this isn't as commonly used or as formal a term as the Individualized Education Program (IEP).

While an IP might be used informally to refer to a student's overall special education plan, the official and legally mandated document in the US is the IEP. The IEP outlines specific goals, services, and accommodations for a student with a disability. An IP, without the "E" for Education, lacks the formal legal standing of an IEP.