How to Apply Constructivism to Adult Learners

Adults face unique challenges when they return to school, including balancing the needs of their families and careers with educational goals. Constructivism is a learning theory and a branch of cognitive psychology that draws on multiple disciplines, including sciences, cognitive learning and the arts. Constructivism addresses how human beings acquire knowledge. It requires active participation in the learning process through reflection on personal experiences. Constructivism presents a unique opportunity for adult learners to thrive in a supportive learning environment.

Instructions

    • 1

      Explain why your adult students need to know the information you present. If they understand the value, they will make the effort required to learn. Be understanding with individuals who struggle with motivation. Spend additional time illustrating the practical importance of the subject matter.

    • 2

      Allow your adult students to direct the learning process. They may feel resentful of others telling them what to learn and why. Allow the students to explain why their studies are important to them. Assist adult students to overcome any inhibitions or incorrect beliefs they might have about education in general and your subject matter in particular.

    • 3

      Challenge your adult students. Adults learning new languages, for example, should be placed in real-life situations where they must use the language. Create scenarios where the student will be required to use whatever skill you teach.

    • 4

      Film or record your adult student doing real-life activities related to your lessons. This provides an opportunity to review progress and identify areas that need additional attention.

    • 5

      Conduct case studies, problem-solving activities and simulations to show your adult students how to apply the knowledge they acquire. Challenge them to work in groups and try new scenarios in which they apply the lessons they learn.

    • 6

      Encourage your adult students to use the knowledge, skills and abilities they have acquired in their careers to solve problems presented in the classroom.

    • 7

      Create assignments where adults must use online resources and platforms to encourage the real-world application of concepts addressed in the classroom.

    • 8

      Create open-ended questions that encourage in-depth classroom discussions. Communication among peers helps reinforce knowledge.

    • 9

      Encourage your adult students to ask questions and express themselves openly in the classroom. Create a safe environment where students feel no apprehension about participating.

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