Elevates the Epic Genre:
By drawing upon Greek mythology, Milton connects "Paradise Lost" to a long and prestigious tradition of epic poetry, which is often inspired by myth. By incorporating these familiar elements, he elevates his poem to a comparable status and establishes it as a work of grand importance.
Adds Depth to Characters and Events:
The incorporation of Greek mythological figures and events enables Milton to add dimensions to the portrayal of his own characters and occurrences. For example, the comparison of Satan to Prometheus highlights his defiance against authority, while the parallels between Eve's fall and Pandora's box emphasizes the consequences of curiosity.
Provides Allegorical Symbolism:
Milton's usage of Greek mythology often goes beyond superficial references. He infuses the poem with allegorical meanings by drawing parallels between mythological narratives and Christian themes. For instance, the representation of Satan's overthrow resembles the myth of Titans' fall from Mount Olympus, symbolizing the spiritual war between good and evil.
Enhances the poem's Universality:
Greek mythology draws on universal human experiences and explores timeless themes. By incorporating them into "Paradise Lost," Milton grants the poem a broader resonance and relatability, making it not just a story of Christian theology but a reflection on human nature and struggles.
Historical and Cultural Context:
The references to Greek mythology also reflect the educational background of Milton's intended audience. During his time, knowledge of classical literature was highly valued, so these allusions would have appealed to his readers' intellectual interests and created a sense of familiarity.
Ultimately, Milton's employment of Greek mythology in Paradise Lost serves to enrich the poem thematic depth and adds a layer of complexity and significance. By integrating these aspects, he elevates the poem's stature, creates profound symbolism, broadens its appeal, and connects it to a broader literary and cultural context.