* Bowing deeply: Kappa are said to be polite and will return the bow, spilling the water from their dish (a vital part of their physiology – they need water on their heads to stay powerful). This weakens them significantly.
* Offering a cucumber: Kappa supposedly love cucumbers. Offering one can distract or appease them.
* Exploiting their weakness to flattery: Kappa are known for being vain. Flattery can distract them and potentially make them more susceptible to other methods.
* Targeting their dish: As mentioned, the water on their heads is essential. If you can somehow knock it off (without direct physical confrontation, as they're strong) this would severely weaken them.
* Using sacred objects or incantations: This is less about direct combat and more about invoking a higher power to ward them off. Specifics depend on the lore being referenced.
It's crucial to understand that the idea of "defeating" a Kappa in the typical sense of a fight is largely absent from the folklore. The methods involve trickery, outsmarting, and appeasing their vanity or need for water rather than brute force.