Students who stay clear about the way study is connected to their life values and goals tend to do better. Most start by writing a statement of life values and the kind of life they want to lead. They make a list of short-term goals, such as passing a test, and long-term goals, such as completing their degree. They outline the importance of the connection between study and the life they want to lead. Effective students make a habit of reading the life statement and goals regularly as they find it strengthens commitment, especially when studying is difficult.
Effective students find that studying is more effective when it's a planned activity that's carried out in a comfortable and distraction-free space. They get into the habit of using a time management system to plan regular study sessions. Most will create a one-page overview using a blank semester planner and pencil in all key activities and due dates. They use a weekly planner for more detailed scheduling and to plan study time around due dates, tests, work and social commitments. Many students create to-do lists as a way of avoiding procrastination, and treat themselves to a valued activity or time with friends when a study goal is reached.
Most effective students acquire the habit of using study methods that require active engagement with information as they read it. They use visual organizers, such as maps, charts, diagrams and tables, as a guide to reading class notes, articles and texts in an organized and methodical fashion. They also routinely create visual images, such as charts, to help summarize information, which greatly assists memory for future tests and other applications.
Successful students make notes as they read using the Cornell Notetaking System or a similar structured note taking method. Structured notes strengthen their memory by creating hierarchical lists in the form of cues or headings for the main topics or ideas, and linking them to subtopics and information. They get into the habit of doing memory checks based on these notes. Students cover the notes and try to recall topic headings, then look at the topic headings in turn, and work at recalling each one's subtopics and associated information.
Many good students get into the habit of using the SQ3R reading method for textbook study and reading of other reference materials. SQ3R stands for survey, question, read, recite and review. Students start by doing a quick survey of chapter headings, charts and illustrations and turn them into questions. Their detailed reading is then made more compelling by their drive to answer the questions. Next, they recall by orally asking themselves questions and providing answers based on their reading. Some students prefer to write and illustrate their questions and answers. Finally, effective students review on a regular basis by continuing to develop and answer questions, write summaries, paraphrase using their own words, make flash cards, test recall of topics and subtopics and include working with a partner if possible.