Plumbers usually receive their training from apprenticeship programs through which other plumbers help them learn the skills necessary to become plumbers. The apprenticeship programs are the most comprehensive because the plumbers receive direct hands-on training. These apprenticeship programs are usually sponsored by plumbers' unions. Instead of paying tuition to learn how to perform plumbing tasks, professionals are paid in the training sessions. During these sessions, plumbers start off by learning basic skills such as the identification of different kinds of pipes, the proper use of plumbing tools and safe materials handling. Later, plumbers are taught more complex skills, such as how to install specific pipe systems and fixtures. Before beginning the apprentice program, most states require that the prospective plumber complete high school.
During the plumber training, the student must complete at least 144 hours, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. These courses teach subjects related to plumbing such as physics and chemistry, math, blueprint reading and local regulations. Since regulations regarding plumbing can change, plumbers must keep up-to-date on the latest plumbing requirements.
Plumbers sometimes do not complete formal on-the-job training programs and instead learn all of their skills while completing various plumbing tasks. Only those who are at least eighteen years old can work as plumbers. Other plumbers informally take classes at community colleges and technical schools until they acquire enough relevant knowledge to pursue their plumbing careers. Some colleges accept experience in the armed forces as credit hours for plumber courses.
Plumbers cannot get a license until they have about 2 to 5 years of plumbing experience and also pass an examination that is held by the state.
To become a supervisor for a plumbing contractor, plumbers must have several years of experience as licensed plumbers and must demonstrate that they have leadership and interpersonal skills that will help them effectively manage other plumbers.
Despite receiving all of the training and experience necessary, some individuals cannot become successful plumbers. Plumbing requires a certain level of physical fitness. Plumbers must be able to work in enclosed spaces, since pipes are often installed in walls and play an important role in confined bathrooms.