* The prestige and reputation of the European university: A PhD from a highly ranked and respected European university will generally be more readily accepted than one from a lesser-known institution.
* The field of study: Some fields are more internationally standardized than others. A PhD in a scientific field might be more easily understood and compared to a US PhD than one in a humanities field where standards might vary more significantly.
* The specific job or program: Some employers or programs might require additional evaluations or assessments, especially if the degree doesn't directly align with US standards. This is more common in very specialized fields.
* Credential evaluation services: It's often recommended to use a credential evaluation service to have your European PhD assessed and translated into an equivalent US standard. This can be helpful for applications to universities or jobs.
In short, while not automatically interchangeable, a European PhD carries significant weight in the US. However, prospective employers or educational institutions may require further verification or context to fully understand the qualifications it represents. It is wise to proactively address potential concerns during the application process.