Read about the topic as much as possible. Research the key thinkers involved, what theories they came up with and how these theories were tested. Some theories may have been established and then disproved; it is useful to know about these, too. Ensure you have a good knowledge about the whole topic.
Create a rough draft of your argument. Sociological essays are rarely straightforward, and will usually have numerous points to consider. Write down your ideas and link them together, ensuring you are answering the question and that your answer does not neglect any key points.
Gather evidence. Look back through your research, and select phrases and quotes that helped you to form your opinion. Include a variety of books and online journals, making sure you write down enough information to correctly reference them in your bibliography or Works Cited page. Note the book or article title, author and page number.
Arrange your draft in order. Construct a clear introduction, which leads to your first point. Your points must also link to each other via concise transitions, to ensure the essay flows.
Insert your evidence in relevant places. Most paragraphs will need to state a point and include evidence to back your thinking up.
Conclude your argument. Use the conclusion to sum up your essay and answer the questions you have posed in the introduction and throughout the essay.
Finish writing the essay. Check whether your essay needs to be typed or handwritten, and include a title page and a references page.
Proofread the essay to check for mistakes, both in spelling and grammar or in the argument itself. It may be helpful to ask somebody else to read through the essay and point out any mistakes you have missed.