* Standardized test scores (used cautiously): While these can offer a snapshot of academic ability, they don't fully represent a student's potential.
* Recommendations and references: Letters from teachers, counselors, and mentors can provide valuable insights into a student's character, work ethic, and potential.
* Portfolio of work: For certain fields, a portfolio showcasing skills and projects can be a far more accurate indicator of ability than grades alone.
* Personal statement/essay: This allows students to articulate their goals, motivations, and experiences, providing a more nuanced understanding of their candidacy.
* Interviews: These can assess personality, communication skills, and critical thinking abilities.
* Extracurricular activities and community involvement: Participation in these demonstrates commitment, teamwork, and leadership skills.
* Life experiences and overcoming adversity: A student's background can significantly shape their perspective and resilience.
A fair and equitable higher education system should strive to identify and support students with diverse backgrounds and learning styles, not simply those who excel in a narrow, marks-based system. Access should be based on potential, not just past performance.