Here's a general overview:
* Completed Medical Doctorate (MD or equivalent): This is the fundamental prerequisite. A strong academic record during medical school is essential.
* Medical Residency (Facharzt): Completion of a specialized medical residency (Facharzt) is mandatory. This involves several years of practical training and examination in a specific medical specialty (e.g., Cardiology, Oncology, Neurology).
* Research Project & Publication(s): A substantial research project is required. This typically involves original research, data collection, analysis, and publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals of high impact. The quantity and quality of publications are critical factors in the assessment. Several first-author publications in reputable journals are usually expected.
* Habilitation Thesis (Habilitationsschrift): A comprehensive, original scientific work demonstrating expertise in a specific area within the chosen medical specialty. This is a significant research contribution that goes beyond a doctoral dissertation.
* Habilitation Colloquium (Habilitationskolloquium): A public presentation and defense of the Habilitationsschrift before a panel of experts (Habilitationskommission). This is a rigorous examination that assesses the candidate's research expertise and ability to communicate complex scientific concepts.
* Teaching Experience: While not always explicitly stated as a *requirement*, significant teaching experience (lecturing, supervising students, etc.) strengthens the application and demonstrates pedagogical skills.
* Assessment by the Habilitation Committee: The entire process is assessed by a Habilitation Committee appointed by the relevant medical faculty of a university. They evaluate the candidate's research work, publications, teaching experience, and performance during the colloquium.
In short, becoming a PD Dr. in medicine is a significant achievement that requires years of dedicated research, excellent publication record, and a strong demonstration of both research and teaching abilities. The exact requirements may vary slightly between universities and specialties, so it's crucial to check the specific guidelines of the intended university.