Pre-clinical Years (typically years 1 & 2): These years focus on the foundational sciences and build the base knowledge needed for clinical understanding. Common subjects include:
* Anatomy: The study of the human body's structure.
* Physiology: The study of the human body's function.
* Biochemistry: The study of the chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.
* Histology: The microscopic study of tissues.
* Embryology: The study of the development of an embryo.
* Genetics: The study of heredity and variation in living organisms.
* Microbiology: The study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
* Immunology: The study of the immune system.
* Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their effects on the body.
* Medical ethics and law: Addressing the legal and ethical implications of medical practice.
* Behavioral sciences/Psychology: Understanding the impact of behavior and mental health on physical health.
Clinical Years (typically years 3-5 or longer, depending on the program): These years involve hands-on experience with patients and integrate the pre-clinical knowledge. Common rotations include:
* Internal Medicine: Diseases affecting internal organs.
* Surgery: Surgical procedures and techniques.
* Pediatrics: Diseases and care of children.
* Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN): Pregnancy, childbirth, and women's health.
* Psychiatry: Mental health disorders and their treatment.
* Family Medicine: Comprehensive care for individuals and families.
* Emergency Medicine: Urgent and critical care.
* Neurology: Nervous system disorders.
* Cardiology: Heart and circulatory system diseases.
* Respiratory Medicine: Lung and airway diseases.
* Endocrinology: Hormone-related disorders.
* Dermatology: Skin diseases.
* Radiology: Medical imaging techniques.
* Pathology: The study of diseases.
Other Potential Courses:
* Clinical Skills training: Practical training in examination techniques, communication skills, etc.
* Research Methodology: Learning to conduct and interpret medical research.
* Medical Informatics: Application of technology and information systems in healthcare.
* Public Health: Understanding population health and disease prevention.
* Elective courses: Students may have opportunities to choose courses based on their interests.
This list is not exhaustive, and the specific courses offered will vary depending on the medical school and the specific program (e.g., MD, MBBS, DO). Some programs may also integrate aspects of research throughout the curriculum. The order of rotations and the specific emphasis on certain areas can also differ significantly between institutions.