The raw score is calculated by allotting one point for each correctly answered multiple-choice question, and subtracting ¼ point for each incorrect answer. No points are subtracted for unanswered questions or for incorrect Student Produced Response questions on the mathematics section.
One point is allotted for each correct answer. Points are subtracted for incorrect answers as follows: 5-choice question---1/4 point subtracted; 4-choice question---1/3 point subtracted; 3-choice question---1/2 point subtracted. No points are deducted for unanswered questions.
Each raw score is converted to a scaled score using a process called equating. Equating uses statistics and analysis to ensure that scores are not affected by factors such as different forms of the test and different levels of ability of students taking the test.
For the multiple-choice writing section, raw scores are converted to scaled scores that are reported on a scale from 20 to 80. The subscore for the essay is reported on a 2 to 12 scale.
Subscores for the SAT Subject Tests are determined by converting raw scores to scaled scores from 20 to 80.